Data Preprocessing:
Cleaning And Transforming Data in PHP

By Christopher Miller

Alright, so we’ve covered the mathematical foundations and basic algorithms, but now comes the part that’ll probably take up most of your actual machine learning time – data preprocessing. It’s not the most glamorous part of the job, but here’s the thing – even the most sophisticated algorithm can’t work miracles with garbage data. As they say in the business, garbage in, garbage out. by Christopher Miller

This article was originally published in the February 2026 issue of PHP Architect magazine. To read the complete article please subscribe or purchase the complete issue.

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